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weight and performance calculations for the Caudron G.6 armed reconnaissance biplane

Afbeeldingsresultaat voor Caudron G.6

Caudron G.6

role : two-seat armed reconnaissance and artillery observation

importance : ***

first flight : Spring 1916 operational : October 1916

country : France

design : Paul Deville

production : 512 aircraft

general information :

Combined normal fuselage with wing from G.IV. While the brothers Caudron had

collaborated closely in aircraft design up to this point, the similar G.5 and G.6 were the

work of Gaston Caudron, while the R.4 was by René Caudron

The Caudron G.6 came into Aviation Militaire service in the latter half of 1916, and it

served with at least 38 escadrilles until replaced with better planes in late 1917 and

early 1918.

More then 500 G.6 aircraft were built, with 302 on hand in August 1917.

users : France

crew : 2

armament : 2 movable 7.70 [mm] (0.303 in) Lewis machine-guns

engine : 2 Le Rhone 9jb air-cooled 9 -cylinder two-valve rotary engine 120 [hp](88.3 KW)

dimensions :

wingspan : 17.21 [m], length : 8.6 [m], height : 2.95[m]

wing area : 39.7 [m^2]

weights :

max.take-off weight : 1435 [kg]

empty weight operational : 940 [kg] bombload : 100 [kg]

Afbeeldingsresultaat voor Caudron G.6

performance :

maximum speed : 152 [km/hr] at sea-level

climbing speed : 264 [m/min]

service ceiling : 4725 [m]

endurance : 2.5 [hours]

estimated action radius : 171 [km]

description :

3˝-bay biplane with fixed underwing 4 -wheel landing gear and tail strut

upper wingtips supported by slanted struts

two spar upper and lower wing

engines, landing gear and fuel attached to the wings, bombload in or attached to fuselage

airscrew :

two fixed pitch 2 -bladed tractor airscrews with max. efficiency :0.63 [ ]

estimated diameter airscrew 2.81 [m]

angle of attack prop : 18.40 [ ]

reduction : 1.00 [ ]

airscrew revs : 1150 [r.p.m.]

pitch at Max speed 2.20 [m]

blade-tip speed at Vmax and max revs. : 174 [m/s]

Afbeeldingsresultaat voor Caudron G.6

Escadrille C56

calculation : *1* (dimensions)

mean wing chord : 1.28 [m]

calculated wing chord (rounded tips): 1.38 [m]

wing aspect ratio : 13.43 []

estimated gap : 1.45 [m]

gap/chord : 1.13 [ ]

seize (span*length*height) : 437 [m^3]

calculation : *2* (fuel consumption)

oil consumption : 10.2 [kg/hr]

fuel consumption(cruise speed) : 50.5 [kg/hr] (69.0 [litre/hr]) at 64 [%] power

distance flown for 1 kg fuel : 2.71 [km/kg]

estimated total fuel capacity : 196 [litre] (143 [kg])

calculation : *3* (weight)

weight engine(s) dry : 280.0 [kg] = 1.59 [kg/KW]

weight 39 litre oil tank : 3.3 [kg]

oil tank filled with 1.3 litre oil : 1.2 [kg]

oil in engine 1 litre oil : 0.9 [kg]

fuel in engine 1 litre fuel : 0.9 [kg]

weight 29 litre gravity patrol tank(s) : 4.4 [kg]

weight cowling 3.5 [kg]

weight airscrew(s) (wood) incl. boss & bolts : 38.0 [kg]

total weight propulsion system : 329 [kg](22.9 [%])

***************************************************************

fuselage skeleton (wood gauge : 7.85 [cm]): 136 [kg]

bracing : 8.8 [kg]

fuselage covering ( 14.0 [m2] doped linen fabric) : 4.5 [kg]

weight controls + indicators: 7.1 [kg]

Afbeeldingsresultaat voor Caudron G.6

weight seats : 6.0 [kg]

weight other details, lighting set, etc. : 9.1 [kg]

weight bomb storage : 7.0 [kg]

total weight fuselage : 178 [kg](12.4 [%])

***************************************************************

weight wing covering (doped linen fabric) : 25 [kg]

total weight ribs (92 ribs) : 85 [kg]

weight engine mounts : 9 [kg]

weight two 83 [litre] main fuel tanks empty : 13.3 [kg]

load on front upper spar (clmax) per running metre : 759.6 [N]

load on rear upper spar (vmax) per running metre : 240.3 [N]

total weight 8 spars : 92 [kg]

weight wings : 203 [kg]

weight wing/square meter : 5.10 [kg]

weight 16 interplane struts & cabane : 29.3 [kg]

weight cables (90 [m]) : 13.1 [kg] (= 145 [gram] per metre)

diameter cable : 4.9 [mm]

weight fin & rudder (3.4 [m2]) : 18.1 [kg]

weight stabilizer & elevator (4.5 [m2]): 23.1 [kg]

total weight wing surfaces & bracing : 308 [kg] (21.5 [%])

*******************************************************************

weight machine-gun(s) : 25.4 [kg]

weight pivot mounting mg :6.0 [kg]

weight armament : 31 [kg]

********************************************************************

wheel pressure : 358.8 [kg]

weight 4 wheels (670 [mm] by 79 [mm]) : 33.4 [kg]

weight tailskid : 3.9 [kg]

weight undercarriage with axle 38.5 [kg]

total weight landing gear : 75.9 [kg] (5.3 [%]

*******************************************************************

Afbeeldingsresultaat voor Caudron G.6

********************************************************************

calculated empty weight : 922 [kg](64.3 [%])

weight oil for 3.0 hours flying : 30.7 [kg]

weight 6 drums empty : 1.2 [kg]

weight ammunition (282 rounds) : 9.0 [kg]

weight signal pistol with cartridges : 3.6 [kg]

weight automatic pistol with spare magazines : 1.2 [kg]

*******************************************************************

calculated operational weight empty : 967 [kg] (67.4 [%])

published operational weight empty : 940 [kg] (65.5 [%])

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weight crew : 162 [kg]

weight fuel for 2.0 hours flying : 101 [kg]

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operational weight : 1230 [kg](85.7 [%])

bomb load : 100 [kg]

operational weight bombing mission : 1330 [kg]

weight camera : 20 [kg]

operational weight photo mission : 1250 [kg]

fuel reserve : 42 [kg] enough for 0.84 [hours] flying

possible additional useful load : 143 [kg]

operational weight fully loaded : 1435 [kg] with fuel tank filled for 100 [%]

published maximum take-off weight : 1435 [kg] (100.0 [%])

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calculation : * 4 * (engine power)

power loading (operational without bombload) : 6.97 [kg/kW]

total power : 176.5 [kW] at 1150 [r.p.m]

Afbeeldingsresultaat voor Caudron G.6

calculation : *5* (loads)

manoeuvre load : 1.9 [g] at 1000 [m]

limit load : 3.75 [g] ultimate load : 5.6 [g] load factor : 2.4 [g]

design flight time : 2.00 [hours]

design cycles : 480 sorties, design hours : 960 [hours]

operational wing loading : 309 [N/m^2]

wing stress (3 g) during operation : 181 [N/kg] at 3g emergency manoeuvre

calculation : *6* (angles of attack)

angle of attack zero lift : -1.06 ["]

max. angle of attack (stalling angle) : 9.90 ["]

angle of attack at max. speed : 1.91 ["]

calculation : *7* (lift & drag ratios

lift coefficient at angle of attack 0° :0.10 [ ]

lift coefficient at max. angle of attack : 1.04 [ ]

lift coefficient at max. speed : 0.28 [ ]

induced drag coefficient at max. speed : 0.0025 [ ]

drag coefficient at max. speed : 0.0606 [ ]

drag coefficient (zero lift) : 0.0581 [ ]

calculation : *8* (speeds

stalling speed at sea-level (OW): 79 [km/u]

landing speed at sea-level (OW without bombload): 95 [km/hr]

min. drag speed (max endurance) = minimum speed*1.1 at cruise height : 97 [km/hr] at 2362 [m] (power:31 [%])

Afbeeldingsresultaat voor Caudron G.6

Escadrille C.226

min. power speed (max range) : 97 [km/hr] at 2362 [m] (power:31 [%])

max. rate of climb speed : 87.6 [km/hr] at sea-level

cruising speed : 137 [km/hr] op 2362 [m] (power:61 [%])

design speed prop : 144 [km/hr]

maximum speed : 152 [km/hr] op 100 [m] (power:99 [%])

climbing speed at sea-level (without bombload) : 329 [m/min]

calculation : *9* (regarding various performances)

take-off distance at sea-level : 197 [m]

lift/drag ratio : 11.67 [ ]

max. practical ceiling : 6625 [m] with flying weight :1059 [kg]

practical ceiling (operational weight): 5950 [m] with flying weight :1230 [kg]

practical ceiling fully loaded (mtow- 1 hour fuel) : 5350 [m] with flying weight :1384 [kg]

published ceiling (4725 [m]

climb to 1500m (without bombload) : 5.00 [min]

climb to 3000m (without bombload) : 11.79 [min]

max. dive speed : 369.4 [km/hr] at 4350 [m] height

load factor at max. angle turn 2.60 ["g"]

turn radius at 500m: 56 [m]

time needed for 360* turn 9.7 [seconds] at 500m

calculation *10* (action radius & endurance)

operational endurance : 2.84 [hours] with 2 crew and 163 [kg] useful (bomb)load and 100.0 [%] fuel

Afbeeldingsresultaat voor Caudron G.6

published endurance : 2.50 [hours] with 2 crew and possible useful (bomb) load : 180 [kg] and 88.1 [%] fuel

action radius : 387 [km] with 2 crew and 20[kg] photo camera/radio transmitter or bombload

max range theoretically with additional fuel tanks for total 564 [litre] fuel : 1119 [km]

useful load with action-radius 250km : 229 [kg]

production : 31.30 [tonkm/hour]

oil and fuel consumption per tonkm : 1.94 [kg]

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Literature :

Jane’s Fighting Aircraft WWI page 109

https://www.militaryfactory.com/aircraft/detail.asp?aircraft_id=1276

Wikipedia

http://albindenis.free.fr/Site_escadrille/escadrille056.htm

Afbeeldingsresultaat voor Caudron G.6

DISCLAIMER Above calculations are based on published data, they must be

regarded as indication not as facts.

Calculated performance and weight may not correspond with actual weights

and performances and are assumptions for which no responsibility can be taken.

Calculations are as accurate as possible, they can be fine-tuned when more data

is available, you are welcome to give suggestions and additional information

so we can improve our program. For copyright on drawings/photographs/

content please mail to below mail address

(c) B van der Zalm 23 November 2019 contact : info.aircraftinvestigation@gmail.com python 3.7.4